Опубликовано 10.06.2017 по предмету Английский язык от Гость >> <<

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Составить и записать опросник "Знаменитые люди России" на Английском языке (15 вопросов)

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Kulibin Ivan Petrovich
Date of birth: April 21, 1735
Date of death: August 11, 1818

Born in Nizhny Novgorod, in the family of a petty merchant. During his long life of the great master made many interesting devices. It is a device for cutting and processing the inner surface of the cylinder, and this machine for salt extraction, and water wheel original design, and much more. However, from a huge number of his inventions only a small part has been applied. The fate of Kulibin reminiscent of the fate of his contemporaries, another mighty Russian genius - Vasily Ivanovich Bazhenov. Similar projects Bazhenov, the largest work Kulibina never saw the light. From an early age he discovered an exceptional talent for making various mechanical devices. Initial training received from the local clerk, having mastered the invoice and certificate.
In his youth he already self-studying mechanics. Great attention Kulibin paid to the study of movements, from the time he opens the workshop.
1764-1767 Creates an unusual clock in a shape of an egg, which was the most complicated mechanism. Every hour in the clock swung open the door and out came a tiny human figures made of gold and silver.
1769 When in Nizhny Novgorod came Catherine II, Kulibin gave her a watch as a gift. After that Kulibin was appointed Empress head of the mechanical workshop of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
1769-1787 In the Academy, he has designed many interesting devices. So, they created a pocket watch, which in addition to hours, minutes and seconds, showed also the months, days of the week, seasons, and moon phases. They were created projects like the big tower clock and quite petite, ustraivalsya in the ring. Kulibin have developed new ways of grinding of glasses for various optical devices.
1776 was constructed model, designed wooden single arch bridge across the Neva river with the length of the span - 298 meters, 1/10 actual size at which the inventor has proposed to use in the design of the original farm with cross bars. The model was tested by a special academic Commission and received high evaluation. However, this project was not implemented. Also Kulibin worked on options and the metal bridge, but these interesting projects were not implemented. Only the inventor was created three projects and three wooden project metal bridges.
1781 Constructed an unusual lantern-projector, which was given for a sufficiently weak source of very powerful light. Its his invention was later used for industrial purposes in the coverage of ships, lighthouses.
1787 was dismissed and went over to the invention.
1791 was made the vehicle resulted in the movement of the person, Naimushin pedal. In this design Kulibin used the flywheel, brakes, gearbox and other innovations.
1791 Developed a design for "mechanical legs" - prostheses.
1793 he Built an Elevator that lifted the cab by means of screw mechanisms.
1794 Created optical Telegraph for transmitting code signals over a distance.
1801 Kulibin was dismissed from the Academy and returned to Nizhny Novgorod. Here they have developed a way vessel traffic allowed to move up the river.
1804 Master built "Vodohod" , work which he began twenty years ago. The tests showed complete consistency and efficiency of such vessels, however, this project Kulibina not found application.
11.08.1818 Died in extreme poverty in Nizhny Novgorod.